Don't Be Chicken
Tonight I’m roasting a chicken. I will fill
the cavity with chopped onion, lemon, garlic, parsley, rosemary, salt
and pepper. I will then truss it, (this allows the entire bird to roast
evenly. If the legs are loose they can burn by the time the internal
section is properly cooked). Next I will brush it with olive oil and
sprinkle it with rosemary, salt and pepper. Then I will place it in the
roasting pan on top of a bed of chopped carrots and celery. Finally, I
will cook it at 375 degrees until the deepest part of the thigh meat
reaches a temperature of 165 degrees. (The thigh takes the longest to
cook). I will not rely on the color of the juices to determine
doneness. Most chickens are slaughtered young before sufficient calcium
has built up in their bones. Thus, blood can seep from the bones
creating an illusion that it is undercooked. Temperature is the only
reliable way to know.
As I thought about my menu tonight I found
my mind pondering the array of reactions individuals have to this
wonderful fowl. I think about things like that. That’s why I’m a food
writer.
There are a variety of “issues” that people
have with chicken. Distinct dichotomies exist in its consumption. Some
people will eat the dark meat, other’s will not. Likewise for the
skin. The dark meat is “dark” because the leg and wing muscles are used
more. Thus, they require more oxygen. Myoglobin is an iron containing
protein that transfers oxygen from the blood to the muscles and in turn
alters their color. The dark meat is also higher in intramuscular fat
which is why it is juicer than the dry, dull breast. (Did you see
that? I just slipped in one of my own prejudices).
Many people consider chicken a “dirty”
bird. I’m not exactly sure what this means. A woman I know washes her
chicken like a surgeon sterilizing her pre-operative hands. Her
husband, afflicted by the same phobia, will not eat any chicken unless
she has prepared it.
The truth is, every land animal we consume
lives and dies in slop. Trust me when I tell you that your average pig,
cow, or bird is not washing its hooves or feathers with anti-bacterial
soap or practicing good hygiene when Mother Nature calls.
The point is, it
doesn’t matter. Cooking food to the proper temperature is what destroys
bacteria. You can wash your chicken till the cows come home, (with
dirty hooves), and you’re still not protected from the real threat. Heat
kills salmonella, not soap and water. I even heard about one woman who
scrubbed her fowl with Brillo, causing the meat of course to become
infiltrated with strands of steel wool. This is almost as crazy as the
man I know who will not eat chicken because he’s afraid he will take on
the chicken’s attributes. How the chicken became the object of such
paranoia I will never know.
This is not to say that there are no risks
with chicken. Rather, it is a matter of applying the appropriate
techniques to prevent them. First, check the date on the chicken before
you buy it. Freeze it unless you’re using it within 24 hours. Do not
thaw your chicken at room temperature. Use the microwave, the
refrigerator, or place it in a bag in cold water. Change the water
every half hour to keep it cold. I do rinse my chicken first to remove
any grit or other UFO’s (unidentified foreign objects) that may be
lurking on its surface from handling and packaging.
You must also be leery of cross
contamination with all raw meat but especially chicken. Cross
contamination is when a raw item touches one surface to which other food
items or utensils come in contact. If you cut your raw chicken into
pieces, you cannot use that knife or cutting board for anything else.
You must wash it before reusing it. But wait a minute, isn’t that a
contradiction? First I tell you washing your chicken does not kill the
bacteria but then I advise you to wash the implements that touched it.
That’s because most of the salmonella in the chicken is internally
imbedded in its flesh, safe from the running water. But any bacteria
transferred to your knife or cutting board can be washed off the
surface. The one exception is if your chicken has been in contact with
a wood cutting board for a period of time. Wood is porous after all.
After washing the board, disinfect it with a bleach or iodine solution.
Or, you can avoid the entire ordeal by only cutting chicken on a plastic
cutting board. The final safeguard is cooking it to an internal
temperature of 165 degrees. You can even go as high as 170 in the
thigh.
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